Table of Contents

Abstract…………………………………………………………….

Relationship to CPT…………………………………………………….

Introduction………………………………………………………….

Background………………………………………………………..

Problem Statement……………………………………………………

Purpose Statement……………………………………………………

Research Questions and Objectives………………………………………..

Significance of Study………………………………………………….

Definition of Terms…………………………………………………..

Ethical Considerations…………………………………………………

Delimitations and Limitations of Study……………………………………..

Literature Review………………………………………………………

Overview of Mobile Connections and Networks……………………………….

Challenges Wireless Networks and MIPv6 Face……………………………….

Theoretical Framework………………………………………………..

Research Methodology…………………………………………………..

Research Worldview………………………………………………….

Research Design……………………………………………………..

Research Strategy…………………………………………………….

Methods of Data Collection……………………………………………..

Data Analysis Methods………………………………………………..

Unit of Study……………………………………………………….

Research Sample and Sampling Procedures………………………………….

Results……………………………………………………………..

Introductory Overview…………………………………………………

Interview Results…………………………………………………….

Secondary source results and description…………………………………….

Elaboration on Results and Findings……………………………………….

Conclusion and Recommendations………………………………………….

Conclusions and Summary………………………………………………

Recommendations……………………………………………………

References…………………………………………………………..

Appendices…………………………………………………………..

Appendix A: The Interview……………………………………………..

Appendix B: Execution History…………………………………………….

List of Tables

The main challenges associated with the MIPV6………………………………………………..24

The proposed solutions to the challenges based on study responses ………………………..…..25

The Study Work plan ………………………………………………..…………………………..46

Results

Introductory Overview

Primary and Secondary data are the basis of current study. As shown below are the documentation of the discovery obtained along with the research. There are two parts of the finding one based on primary data and other based on secondary data.

Interview Results

The results from interview are obtained as the questions derived from data collection

How of an important role does MIPv6 play while supporting VoIP and VCoIP?

Answer to this question was 70% contributors believe that MIPv6 can play a significant role in supporting VCoIP and VoIP. Explanation given was there is a desperate need of dependable mobile network to support the services in era of video communication and mobile computing.

Fig. 2: How of an important role does MIPv6 play while supporting VoIP and VCoIP?

What key challenges MIPv6 will be facing while using VoIP and VCoIP?

Following table shows the responses that were collected

Table 1: Key challenges related with the MIPV6

How can these challenges be addressed in order to optimize the MIPv6 applications?

The challenges listed above must be resolved if Mobile IPv6 is to remain relevant in future. Bearing in mind that Internet services are going to demand better quality and more reliability with advanced security from what is currently being used, the table below shows the recommendations obtained from SME’s while doing research for this thesis.

Table 2: The proposed solutions to the challenges based on SMEs responses

How would you estimate would MIPv6 look in future?

The answers collected from the contributors indicated that mobile IP would continue to grow and play an important role in transmission of video information over mobile networks. In this current era where mobile computing is becoming more and more popular, mobile IP is estimated to become a hallmark of the mobile computing. Once users are guaranteed of the quality of Internet services and security, which will facilitate in connecting to any mobile network with reliability and will give freedom for all web-based activities, mobile IP will become the epitome of mobile network in future. Following are the three selected responses of the users questioned.

1. In the past the research have been focused on implementing mobile computing architecture, which has been a boon for business entities as well as individual users. Though there has been concerns regarding the reliability of mobile IP address and its been a topic of debates weather the mobile IP will able to support voice and video conference with stability over long distance, specifically when considered the challenges in mobile IP. And this research suggests that in coming years there will be remarkable improvements on the functioning on Mobile IPv6 in terms of quality and reliability as development work is advanced.
2. I think that mobile IP will keep growing in future based on the current rate of improvement in MIPv6. As even now most of the business are opting for video conferencing with high data transmission rate and video quality without any streaming time. People don’t generally like to wait for video to buffer before any conference begins or uploading/downloading a video in regular use, network providers are working to give high speed Internet with low payloads. Hence I believe that MIPv6 will continue growing and technology is expected to advance. It can also be predicted that in future the challenges that persists today, like data security and data quality, will be addressed and any concerns will be mitigated.
3. It will be beneficial to have more and more research done on mobile IP, as MIPv6 is here to stay. The future of mobile IP looks positive because video communication over IP address through a mobile network is just one of the best features of mobile IP. The service providers and development engineers should collaborate in making the system better and enhancing the architecture supporting the framework so to improve the quality. The one key concern is the data security which I suppose will be need to address much sooner, this can be done by developing stronger internet security protocols with layers of security features.

The above answers suggest that MIPv6 can realize future of video conferencing via mobile IP communication, once the challenges are mitigated or alternate solutions is found out. The service providers and engineers should work to realize this goal.

Secondary source results and description

Voice over IP introduces to adaptability in the world Internet services; where a user can use the IP to perform functions like data transmission, voice communications with his mobile device. When initially developed it was intended to use as a cheap substitute for circuit exchanged lines because of the reusability feature. The called party and caller party will be given a bunch of IPs to select from and use, so when a device is out of the network the IP assigned to it can be now reassigned to other device.

Current state of VoIP is such that it is a contradiction in itself where users can use IP systems to transmit and get video, voice and data, which is all in all alluded as ‘Multimedia’ (Dantu, Fahmy, Schulzrinne & Cangussu, 2009). With this there still exists gaps between ‘talking stamps’, observed in the intensely prepared video rooms and coherent applications in day-to-day basis. This gap is steadily narrowing. Now video conferencing is not in regular apps on the mobile devices, but in future it will develop into an everyday application that is lightweight. One reason is that more data transmissions wind up plainly accessible to the public at sensible costs (Dantu, Fahmy, Schulzrinne & Cangussu, 2009). The transmission payload between sending sites and receiving end points is less then 1% of data streaming for video and audio transmission, which in itself is a remarkable advance in data streaming. Another reason is that video conferencing applications running on desktop devices are more accessible same is the case for portable PC’s using web. The audio and video quality and simple to use UI with a wide range of utilization sharing will soon persuade an ever increasing number of clients to advance their correspondence by video parts (Bradbury, 2007). The user-friendliness of new and improved mobile IP empowered underlying network layer not only fulfills the prerequisite for searching for clients and saving correspondences sessions past IP subnets masks, but also points in the direction of service quality in IP services. This consistency in piece rate situations of voice and video conferencing will show up fundamentally irritated by parcel misfortune interims surpassing 100ms (Bradbury, 2007). And jitters needed to be well bound underneath the breaking point. Hence when on loop-ups to VCoIP as a standard with dependable Internet service, then imperative encourages the worldwide easy use, quality, directness and concentration must be taken.

Mobile devices facing issues like addressability with VCoIP participants get the motivation for creating and implementing sharp edge Internet conventions. With the roll-out of IPv6 in current services had a added advantage of extra usefulness like Security, Versatility, multicast accessibility and QoS directing. This popularity of these highlights are the bases of the essential profitability for applications of video conferencing, an early introduction towards IPv6 with regards to voice IP fitting (Bash & Sallet, 2005). Standard services still have videoconferences over IP as their general way of correspondence. For making any advancement in the spreading of the use of this service over the Internet among users it is must to recall one situation: Any web user may call any online partner by simply beginning a fitting programming apparatus and tending to a typical name (McMahon, Hofmann & Hilt, 2005). Until up to this point the work of video meeting applications has been commended by ISDN frameworks (Bash & Sallet, 2005). The mechanism presented gives a man to individual the advantage of private service in communication when done, which is distinctly meeting focused. The general communication on a global basis occurs on a point-to-point association between all the devices when a specific user participates. Voice over IP is equally embedded into usual devices connected by Internet and as of now arranged for the purpose of public meetings. As there will be further advancement in voice over IP the requirements for meetings held privately must be met swiftly. Substantially the focus is of individual rather then the gadget, for private meeting to be to conduct, the technology should be more of a Internet working correspondence global view from users dependent and not hardware dependent. As the authentication or authorization should be accessing the user and not the device.

The basic concerns are that come from the requirements for extensive infrastructural changes and remarkable idleness added substances. The utilization of H.323 engineering must be done as nearly in feeling all the contributors requires conceding to normal. Gatekeeper server and MCU experience the ill effect of extreme scaling failing that evidently in any event for MCU. Global naming is not characterized with the exception that phone numbers taken care by ISDN doors and Q.931 (perfect flagging convention) H.225.0.The idea of H.323 orbits around the matters of phone based wide zone availability, and are considered long-standing opinion that there is no scope for development in communication for video conferencing utilization.

The actual broad endeavor to conquest H.323 is the SIP also called Session Initialization Protocol. This includes functionality about client capacities, client localization, client accessibility and the ring set by session description convention also the conduct of the calls. SIP has its own specific foundation of servers that effectively impart by consuming SIP-URLs and/or conventions for substitute systems namely ICMP. The SIP cares for only store steady data like databases for example LDAP indexes, but have a mechanism to follow its server communication layer. The idea that SIP proposes is either a crucial takeoff of SIP’s self-learning and the correlated foundation, or just the closeness of lone disconnected data servers. Methodologies to search for such data servers exist for the last mentioned case. Both H.323 and SIP have a drawback of exchanging IP addresses within the convention payload and hence are completely blocked in NAT traversal and are in need of a through modifications to IPv6. daViKo, a advance framework for audio-video conferencing, structures a sever-less multipoint video conferencing application without the use of the MCU developed by creators. daViko which is based on prototype of distributed processing is outlined in such a way that it guaranties a light weight web conferencing device went for email level utilization. As last standards guide it, daViko stopped from representing H.323 client necessities.

Considering the wavelet calculation the framework is functioned on the basis of speedy and very efficient video codec. If all the coding parameters are controlled properly the product can warrant a very high scaling in data transfer capabilities like going form 64 to 4000 kbps instantly. MP3 calculation is sued to compress audio data with latency below 120 ms depending upon the picked support estimate. Audio and video streams can be transmitted as unicast as well as multicast (Dantu, Fahmy, Schulzrinne & Cangussu, 2009). An office is established for giving technical assistance and training/support, this office is of application sharing nature. As there exists a pre-request for low data transmission the best choice is daViKo, which is suitable match long distance video conferencing.

Video conferencing that needs the members to be physically present online or be near the device this type of correspondence is called synchronous. For the purpose of data recovery using the most capable method to direct data flow to the appropriate clients this current device delivery has to be settled by any means (Dantu, Fahmy, Schulzrinne & Cangussu, 2009). As in this current state devices tend to changes rapidly and moreover users may switch from one device to another, the static IP address is not suitable or even any fixing on a specific band data on client’s nearness are incorrect. The foundation system infrastructure has a precondition to keep up the service quality for continuous video correspondence. A well-mentioned syllable for audio data transmission is 100 ms that is constant convey applicable data. Despite of the unsettling influence of larger then 300 ms interface with video conferencing on users side while irritation enduring less than 100 ms can stay middle of the road and even be balanced by jitter-concealing support (Dantu, Fahmy, Schulzirnne & Cangussu, 2009). Hence the timing of handover approaches in MPIv6 outlines the basic issue.

While entering in another system meaning next layer called as fulfillment of the layer 2 L2 handoff, the MN immediately has to play out the programmed address reconfiguration which is taken after by official refresh along with the home operator HA and reporter hub CN. When the handover technique is taking place the mobile hub becomes unreachable until HA has acquired a new care address. Packet transmission then continues via the HA as a forwarder alongside the probable aftereffect of expanded postponement and jitter (Bradbury, 2007). Two distinct instruments resolve the smooth and momentary changeover of systems: the connection nearby strategy of L2 handoff with successful readdressing on one side that relies on the nearest subnet topology, and the unapproachable updates with CN and HA ordered by organized geometry.

Elaboration on Results and Findings

The results obtained from interviewing various contributors and secondary data source shows that MIPv6 is significant technology for advancement of video IP communications. The intend of this chapter is to analyze and assess the findings and understand the conclusions drawn.

Video conferencing over IP has proven that it has huge potential to become a remarkable and consistent standard service in this current era where mobile devices are ever present and increasing rapidly. Anyways the misuse of VCoIP is before long a obstacle on the basis that regular methodologies rely upon on noteworthy changes of internet infrastructure (Bradbury, 2007). This paper presented a suggestion, both the conferencing programming and correspondence architecture, to overcome the hindrance by using lightweight method.  Any future development of this framework shall all proceed more closely as shown by the measures. Internet portability projects can encapsulate significant concerns mentioned in the challenges and solutions needs to be found in future. MIPv6 methods are required to be fixed even though the fact is that standard possibility of IP portability undergoes video correspondence can be illustrated (Bradbury, 2007). Probable changes in future must focus on the reducing the package of the unfortunate probabilities, as it appears to be attainable by investigating into MN stack properties and appropriate buffering options.

Video and voice based conferencing has been established as a reliable and consistent mode of communication under the umbrella of wired Internet. Considering the universal fact that mobile computing and mobile communication are ever present, they are in the correct position to be driven inside a remote Internet foundation. Systems operating remotely can provide sufficient transfer speed, by following standards of 802.11, 802.16 or 3G data transfer, to support high data concentrated on transmission services like video conferencing. The foresight that users travelling and using wondering devices performing synchronous communication like video or voice conferencing over IP also called VoIP and VCoIP is near, as it is, increases new complications for Internet infrastructure. In such mobile conferencing location addressability brings to light the first significant problem. To all around call a device, a routable IP address must be used (Bash & Sallet, 2005). On this significant scale IPv6 can support such address space. An additional universal client finding plan is necessary to differentiate a communicator’s accomplice’s current gadget. In remote architecture where users must have to share limited data transmission from a restricted recurrence space, multicasting is estimated to empower packet conferencing decided beforehand to transmit assets and without setting the weight of committed gathering of server infrastructure (Bash & Sallet, 2005)

Meanwhile synchronous constant applications like VCoIP and VoIP demand improved quality of IP portability services; pack misfortune, delay and defer variety (jitter) in a steady piece place situation require caution synchronous control (Bash & Sallet, 2005). Although one directional transmission may regulate quality shortcomings by cushions, accessible systems of cancelling up bundle misfortune at the cost of delay and defer variety or the other war round have limitations for using in conferencing. These necessities pose serious concerns on mobile Internet situation. While situation in conferencing is such that every part acts as either recipient or sender, the concerns are mitigated by multicast-based gathering transmission. Hence for a stable and consistent mobile Internet layer the fixed prerequisites are important main push towards advancement. In accordance with transmission capacities, video coding technologies have advanced too. The latest video coding standard for example H.264/AVC(ITU H.264, 2005), even though the point is that it is composed as a nonexclusive standard, is destined for applications and uses for the mobile video interchanges (Blefari-Melazzi, Daigle & Femminella, 2009). Excepting upgraded pressure ability, this can carry similarly arranged congenial video portrayal for intelligent like video communications and non-intuitive applications namely spilling, stockpiling, communicate and video on request.

H.264/AVC improves the pressure effectiveness of up to partially finished on extensive variation on bit rates and video resolution contrasted with previous standards. Although H.264/AVC decoding programming has been successfully sent on hand helds, high computational multifaceted nature still avoids pure programming encoders operating in current mobile architecture (Blefari-Melazzi, Daigle & Femminella, 2009). Currently there are, as it is, moreover quick equipment executions accessible cutting edge coding’s, as compatible video coding is now in outline state.  Newly made principle includes compatibility and address plans for transmission of video to users have diverse gadgets, specifically when downstream conditions are not known in advance. The idea is that single type of encoded stream is applicable to fluctuating data correspondence, users having variety of show resolutions, underlying framework with different devices having various capabilities that is promising position in heterogeneous system prevailing in mobile applications (Bash & Sallet, 2005)

Video conferencing transmission is session-based and MAN laid service. When a guest is asking for permission to one or more conributors, it will hop to address an individual identifies, but is set up the relating gathering session with the devices currently being used by callers. Unlike the mobile communication Internet engineering is mandatory prerequisite to search for clients and cover the client device mapping, successding the global view of area straight forwardness like email services. Once the session is set the session is required to hold on while mobile devices stroll in. Moderate handovers in this fashion ought to gradually agree with the quality of service measures for stable communication.

Functioning on regular gadgets with limited CPU capacities, battries and showcases for video conferencing arrangement necessities to offset arrange proficiency and versatility as opposed to coding unpredictability. Lightweight campaitability application frameworks are ideally utilized in mobile transmission.

The customary, ISDN perfect design of VCoIP frameworks has been characterized in the standard ITU H.323 (2000). Focal parts of this model are gotten from a customer server standard with a Gatekeeper, giving association control what’s more, address interpretation, and a multipoint control unit (MCU) serving video streams in multipoint meetings. The H.323 design must be viewed as neighborhood and immobile in the sense that all participants need to concur on regular MCU also, pre-designed Gatekeeper servers, which, in any event for the MCU, experience the ill effects of extreme scaling inadequacies (Singh & Singh, 2012). An adaptable, genuinely broad Internet flagging arrangement has been given the session introduction convention (SIP). Next to client restriction, SIP covers arrangements about client capacities, client accessibility, and the ring set by session portrayal convention (SDP) data and the treatment of the calls itself. SIP presents its own infrastructure of servers, which effectively play out a distributed steering by utilizing SIP-URLs (Singh & Singh, 2012). SIP depends on an extensible technique structure and open to store diligent data. SIP frees the inflexible tending to plan of phone numbers utilized as a part of H.323, proposing addresses of the “email-like” SIP. A fundamental association with IP multicast is characterized in SIP through the address property in the By means of header (Singh & Singh, 2012).

Versatility administration as an application layer convention SIP gives some versatility support to session-based services, which requires execution at the application layer. Utilizing the provincial SIP server as an application particular home specialist, handoff warnings are exchanged by means of standard SIP messages to the home server (enlist) and the reporter hub (re-welcome). As SIP portability works over the transport layer, it stays self-reliable and straightforward to the Internet infrastructure, yet acquires all fundamental deferrals notwithstanding its own particular flagging endeavors (Singh & Singh, 2012. The central way to deal with portability administration in the cutting edge Internet is the Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) RFC. MIPv6 straightforwardly works address changes on the IP layer as a gadget moves from one system to the next by managing unique IP addresses in a place of residence goal choice and stowing away the diverse courses to the attachment layer. Along these lines, hosts are empowered to keep up transport and session associations when they change areas. An extra infrastructure part, the MIPv6 Home Agent, jelly worldwide addressability, while the mobile hub is far from home. Nearby handovers in MIPv6 are quickly finished. In the nearness of layer 2, triggers for development recognition, the time required for address reconfiguration and nearby updates stays well beneath 10 ms. Dispersed Mobile IPv6 situations, however, acquire solid topology reliance from restricting updates with the Home Operator and reporter hubs. To determine topologically begun delays, Hierarchical MIPv6 has been presented for miniaturized scale versatility situations and Fast Handovers defer covering up by methods for handover forecasts (Singh & Singh, 2012. Despite the fact that a normal vanishing of prescient handover delays does not hold practically speaking, these quickening plans land at continuous consistent handover execution. IP layer handovers in this way can be viewed as equipped for a portability administration for continuous voice and video correspondence. SIP application layer handovers have been found to essentially fall behind Mobile IPv4, which itself is to a great extent inferior to MIPv6. Handoff interruptions of the hidden layer 2 add to service corruption, conceding merchant particular, however substantial esteems in 802.11 frameworks. Facilitate quality of service issues of remote transmission advances and of the general IP directing layer require thought, also.

The data obtained was able to answer the research questions in this study. In this regard, the research discovered that there are certain challenges, which affect the MIPv6 in term of the voice and VCoIP (Blefari-Melazzi, Daigle & Femminella, 2009). The findings suggested that mobility constitutes challenges, where offering IP-based voice and video conferencing services may be undermined by the issue of addressing. The researcher also discovered that there is the challenge of power consumption, which reduces the efficiency of the devices that are used in the VoIP and VCoIP. On the same note, the researcher discovered that the quality of the voice and video in mobile-based IP service is an important factor, and that by overcoming the challenges, which exist as far as the MIPv6, is concerned, it could be possible to deliver high quality and reliable voice and video services (Blefari-Melazzi, Daigle & Femminella, 2009). This is so in the wake of growing demand for the services. The findings provided the basis for giving evidential recommendations on how the emerging challenges may be addressed in order to ensure quality (Blefari-Melazzi, Daigle & Femminella, 2009).

The utilization of mobile communication gadgets in audio and visual communication has persistently been of incredible significance to the general public. This has to be sure prompted advancement of more solid means to encourage for better, compelling and intuitive communication in various parts of life. It has prompted the progress of simple to digitalized communication through VoIP and VCoIP. In spite of the conventional computerized communication, VoIP and VCoIP includes flagging, channel setup, digitization of the simple voice flags, encoding and transmitting the advanced data over a parcel exchanged system as web convention packets (M.Elmahalwy, S. Youness & S. Elkilani, 2015). They transport audio and visual streams utilizing exceptional media conveyance conventions that encode audio and video with audio and video codecs. Security trinity ought to be the establishment for all security strategies and measures that each association creates and conveys. In this way, “Security Trinity” which incorporates; Prevention, Detection and Response, includes the premise of system security (M.Elmahalwy, S. Youness & S. Elkilani, 2015). With control blackout, the utilization of continuous power supplies is prescribed for reliable communication from both end clients of the VOIP. Inactivity can be limited by checking voice packets as being delay-delicate with nature of Service techniques, for example, separated administrations.

The interview findings in this study have shown that 70% of the participants trust that M IPv6 assumes a crucial part in supporting VoIP and VCoIP. The reasons that were given incorporate that in the wake of mobile registering and video content correspondence; there is requirement for s dependable mobile utility system to help VoIP and VCoIP. Mobile IPv6 encourages the execution of the wide-area portability usage for the video gatherings over the web convention. Be that as it may, it does not have the abilities of the remote systems and framework, particularly paging capacities and fast handover. This implies the handover speeds are moderate, which undermine the effectiveness and dependability of the Mobile IPv6 frameworks. The Mobile IPv6 as they exist by and by are presented to numerous data security dangers. The hackers have leeway to invade the system frameworks and the gadgets associated. This is so since Mobile IPv6lacks solid data protection and safety efforts, and it has poor visitor client validation conventions. There is no framework for ensuring the home system and the mobile clients, thus the frameworks are helpless against digital assaults. The nature of administration by and large characterizes the condition of the Mobile IPv6 having the capacity to convey amazing system administrations. This involves the nature of the recordings, the lucidity and determination of recordings, clearness of voice, and speed of transfers and downloads, and the general utilize. Mobile IPv6 can have its nature of administration enhanced past what is accessible by and by. The ideas of versatility and accessibility are worried about whether the Mobile IPv6 is accessible and dependable at whatever point the client needs to get to the administrations. While Mobile IPv6 is in numerous way a dependable innovation, it miss the mark and could profit by noteworthy changes. The thought is to guarantee that the Mobile IPv6 is solid to the end clients consistently.

Conclusion and Recommendations

Conclusions and Summary

On the basis of the detailed answers of primary and secondary data the outcomes of the research are applicable to the questions asked.

The challenge posed by data security can be mitigated by installing reliable firewalls, taking appropriate validations on data flow, creating proper authentication and authorization. Also an additional defensive layer on the hardware itself will help. For the reliability of the framework security must be improved. This gives way for making improvements in a framework and betterment of the engineering best practices. The changes should be implemented in such a way that users can enjoy better performance in speed but without adding any buffering time. The user is guaranteed a higher efficiency when they are mobile by feature identified by MIPv6 such as high Internet speed, data security, improved capability to support high payloads and quality enhancement.  As the ultimate goal is to provide a higher calibration of administration one can suggest that system improves performance and mobile availability be advanced. With the supporting web and underlying framework this is a possibility. From the answers of the contributors collected shows that MIPv6 will keep on playing crucial role in transmission of videos over mobile framework. In the current scenario where the world is going all-mobile, mobile IP will become a sign of registration of devices. Users will be certain that their mobile devices will interact and are compatible with other mobile systems so as to facilitate smooth transaction of all electronic activities.

Coming years will stand apart by the influential work done on upgrading the capabilities on MIPv6 in terms of guarantying the quality in transmission and user satisfaction. MIPv6 has its own standpoint in its own way; video communication and using of IP is just one of the exemption rather then the standpoint. All engineering best practices must be applied in improving the framework to achieve the high caliber. Though the concern of data security still persists.

Recommendations

Considering the outcomes gathered from the research, it a recommendation that service providers and engineers in MIPv6 should put effort toward tackling these challenges mentioned the document especially the data security issues, data integrity, improving quality of service and making service reliable and accessible.

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Appendices

Appendix A: The Interview

1. Do you think that Mobile IPv6 plays a vital role in supporting VoIP and VCoIP?
2. Do you think that MIPv6 is associated with certain challenges when it comes to its application in VoIP and VCoIP
3. What are the main challenges facing MIPv6 in its use in VoIP and VCoIP?
4. How do you think these challenges can be addressed to optimize the MIPv6 applications?
5. What do you think is the outlook of MIPv6 going into the future?

 Appendix B: Execution History

The table below shows the execution history for the study.

Table 3: The study execution history